In our previous article, we introduced you to the different aromas of cannabis: terpenes. Terpenes are essential components of cannabis, contributing to the plant’s aroma, flavour, and therapeutic effects. Cannabis cultivators always aim to produce high-quality cannabis flowers, and maximising terpene levels becomes a critical goal. This article explores factors influencing terpene production, highlights strains known for their high terpene content, and offers practical tips for increasing terpene levels in your cannabis cultivation. At Bassani Medical, we are committed to advancing the science and practice of cannabis cultivation, and we share these insights to help fellow growers enhance their terpene profiles.
Factors influencing terpene production
Several factors influence terpene production in cannabis plants, including genetics, environmental conditions, and cultivation practices. Understanding these factors can help growers optimise their methods to achieve higher terpene levels.
Genetics: The genetic makeup of a cannabis plant is the primary determinant of its terpene profile. Different strains have unique terpene compositions, so selecting strains known for high terpene content is crucial.
Environmental Conditions: Light, temperature, humidity, and airflow all play significant roles in terpene production. Adequate lighting, maintaining optimal temperatures, and ensuring proper ventilation can enhance terpene synthesis.
Nutrient Management: Proper nutrition is vital for terpene development. A balanced supply of macronutrients and micronutrients supports healthy plant growth and maximises terpene levels.
Strains at Bassani Medical
African Cheetah (Black Triangle)
The strain produces various effects that can be applied to multiple medical conditions. It is helpful against:
- Inflammation
- Chronic pain
- Muscle tension
- Insomnia
- Depression
- Anxiety
It comprises of the following terpenes:
- Farnesene has a calming effect and thus helps people with sleep disorders.
- Limonene – The anti-inflammatory effects of this organic compound are well documented, especially in its ability to help curb colitis— a phenomenon that seems to occur due to its ability to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
- Caryophyllene – promotes sleep as a result of its relaxing and anxiolytic properties.
- Myrcene – promotes sleep with its relaxing and sedating properties.
African Sunset (Garlic Truffle)
It is medically used as a sleep enhancement strain.
It comprises of the following terpenes:
- Farnesene has a calming effect and thus helps people with sleep disorders.
- Caryophyllene – promotes sleep as a result of its relaxing and anxiolytic properties.
- Myrcene – promotes sleep with its relaxing and sedating properties.
Tips for increasing terpene levels in your cannabis flower production
Maximising terpene levels in your cannabis flowers begins with selecting the right genetics. Choose strains known for their high terpene content and ensure that these genetic traits are stable through careful breeding practices. The foundation of terpene-rich cannabis also lies in the quality of the soil. Utilising high-quality organic soil enriched with beneficial microbes and nutrients creates an ideal environment for terpene production. Enhancing this soil with organic amendments such as compost, worm castings, and bat guano can further support healthy plant growth.
Balanced nutrition is crucial for optimal terpene synthesis. Providing a balanced diet of macronutrients (N-P-K) and micronutrients is essential, as over-fertilisation can negatively impact terpene levels. Incorporating specific additives and boosters like kelp and humic acids can enhance nutrient uptake and support terpene production. Beneficial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi play a vital role in this process by enhancing nutrient availability and promoting healthy root development. Introducing these microbes into the soil helps create a thriving ecosystem that supports terpene synthesis.
Adding molasses to your feeding regimen can provide carbohydrates for beneficial microbes, fostering a robust soil environment conducive to terpene production. Additionally, using amino acid foliar sprays can provide essential building blocks for protein synthesis, further supporting overall plant health and potentially increasing terpene levels. Seaweed extracts, rich in natural growth hormones and micronutrients, serve as effective biostimulants that enhance terpene synthesis and overall plant vigour.
Controlled stress techniques, such as light defoliation, low-stress training (LST), and mild drought stress, can trigger the plant’s natural defence mechanisms, potentially boosting terpene production. However, it is important to avoid excessive stress, which can harm the plant and reduce terpene levels. Monitoring plants closely ensures they remain healthy while benefiting from these controlled stress applications.
By integrating these practices—selecting high-terpene strains, optimising soil and nutrient management, and employing beneficial additives and controlled stress techniques—growers can significantly enhance the aromatic and therapeutic qualities of their cannabis flowers.
Maximising terpene levels in cannabis flower production requires a holistic approach, combining genetics, environmental conditions, and precise cultivation practices. By selecting high-terpene strains, optimising soil and nutrient management, and employing beneficial additives and stress techniques, growers can enhance the aromatic and therapeutic qualities of their cannabis. At Bassani Medical, we are dedicated to advancing cannabis cultivation through research and innovation, empowering growers to produce terpene-rich, high-quality cannabis flowers.
