Cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, can be physically and emotionally taxing for patients. Common side effects like nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. While conventional medications are often used to manage these symptoms, some patients explore alternative approaches, including medicinal cannabis. While not a guaranteed solution, cannabis may help alleviate these symptoms and improve overall well-being during treatment. So, how does it actually work?
The human body has an intricate system known as the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis – the balance of various physiological processes. This system consists of receptors (CB1 and CB2), endogenous cannabinoids (compounds produced naturally in the body), and enzymes responsible for breaking down these compounds.
Cannabinoids found in cannabis, such as THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol), interact with these ECS receptors. When cannabis is consumed, either through smoking, vaping, oils, or edibles, the cannabinoids bind to CB1 and CB2 receptors, influencing neurotransmitters and modulating processes such as pain, inflammation, and appetite regulation. For cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, the ability of cannabis to modulate nausea, reduce inflammation, and promote appetite may provide relief from debilitating side effects.
Studies have shown that cannabinoids may reduce the activation of nausea pathways in the brain, offering a potential alternative to traditional antiemetics. For example, a study published in Frontiers in Pharmacology highlighted that THC may interact with CB1 receptors in the brain to reduce nausea and vomiting, which are common chemotherapy-related symptoms.
Alleviating nausea and vomiting
Nausea and vomiting are among the most debilitating side effects of chemotherapy. Traditional anti-nausea medications are effective for many patients, but not everyone responds fully. Medicinal cannabis, through its interaction with the body’s endocannabinoid system, may provide relief by reducing nausea and vomiting for some individuals. Studies suggest that cannabinoids like THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and CBD (cannabidiol) may interact with the receptors in the brain responsible for nausea and vomiting regulation. One study published in Frontiers in Pharmacology indicated that cannabis may be a potential adjunct to existing antiemetic therapies for managing chemotherapy-induced nausea (Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020).
Stimulating Appetite
Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy often experience a significant reduction in appetite, leading to weight loss and malnutrition. Medicinal cannabis may help stimulate appetite by interacting with receptors in the brain that control hunger. Anecdotal evidence and limited research suggest that cannabis may alleviate this loss of appetite, making it easier for patients to maintain a balanced diet and regain strength. A review published in Clinical Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research examined the effects of cannabinoids on appetite stimulation and found promising results for cancer patients managing chemotherapy side effects (Clinical Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 2019).
While medicinal cannabis may offer relief for some, it is essential to approach its use with caution. Every patient is unique, and what works for one may not work for another. Consulting healthcare professionals before integrating cannabis into a treatment plan is crucial to ensure it complements existing therapies safely and effectively. Further research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and to optimise its use for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Disclaimer
The effects of medicinal cannabis can vary widely between individuals, and long-term use may carry the risk of dependence. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult your healthcare professional before considering cannabis as a treatment for chemotherapy side effects.
